Fig. 6

Population-level and individual-level PCA, t-SNE and UMAP dimensionality reduction analyses based on 40 Multi-InDel markers. (a) Population-level PCA of two studied groups and the reference populations at PC1 and PC2; (b) Population-level t-SNE of two studied groups and the reference populations; (c) Population-level UMAP of two studied groups and the reference populations; (d) PCA of the overall individuals from three continents (Africa, Europe, and East Asia); (e) t-SNE of the overall individuals from three continents (Africa, Europe, and East Asia); (f) UMAP of the overall individuals from three continents (Africa, Europe, and East Asia)